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This page contains some helpful technical reference articles and in-depth information on various technology-related topics. Click any topic headline to view the related text.

Small Business Marketing Guide ~

I provide details on five different Internet and communications-based marketing solutions that any business owner can take advantage of to help grow a small business.

A Cloud Computing Dictionary Resource ~

A look at cloud computing, cloud terminology, cloud technologies, private versus public clouds, cloud computing vendors and fun cloud computing quotes.

Understanding Phase Change Memory (PCM) ~

This emerging non-volatile technology pioneered by Intel, Numonyx, Samsung and otherscould turn out to be a lower-cost, more reliable, faster and just plain better alternative to flash memory.

E-Commerce Trustmarks ~

Displaying an e-commerce trustmark helps online businesses show customers they are a member of a professional accreditation organization. Here are tips for choosing a trustmark program for your online business.

10 Essential (And Free!) Social Networking Tools ~

These free social networking tools that can help you manage numerous social networking and bookmarking accounts, plus save you time by aggregating your updates across multiple social sites.

Twitter Dictionary ~

A guide to help you understand Twitter chatter and slang.

Everything You Need to Know About Web Browsers ~

With the Web browser world getting more diverse and the offerings more feature-packed, it's a good time for a little refresher course on the role and history of browsers.

Handy Keyboard Browser Shortcuts ~

Redundant point-and-click actions can slow you down. These keyboard shortcuts save time and help you get exactly where you want to be in seconds in Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and Google Chrome.

Know Your Metadata: Data About Data ~

Learn what Information you might unknowingly be disclosing with your files.

How to Completely Erase a Hard Disk Drive ~

Tips to Avoid Data Theft When Donating or Discarding a Computer System

How to Send Big Files Over The Internet ~

Some files are just too big to send via e-mail. However, you don't have to resort to burning a CD and snail mail. I review various options for getting large files from here to there.

Understanding And Resolving IP Address Conflicts ~

IP address conflicts are usually temporary, but you can't count on them to always resolve themselves. On this page, I'll look at likely causes of IP address conflicts and some ways to address them.

How E-Commerce Sites Work ~

Thanks to myriad of products and professional services, doing business on the Web has been easier. However, before you can open for business, you need to understand how to offer products and accept payments.

Public Wi-Fi Hotspots ~

A Wi-Fi hotspot is defined as any location in which 802.11 (wireless) technology both exists and is available for use to consumers. Here are the factors you need to consider before you connect.

LCD vs. Plasma Display ~

If you're looking a flat-screen TV, the one question, other than price, that plagues most people is which is better, LCD or Plasma? Here's point-by-point comparison.

Tips to Fix a Slow Running Computer ~

There are many reasons why your computer could be running slowly, but here are some easy steps you can take to figure out what is causing the slow down.

Understanding Router Settings ~

A list of many common broadband wired and wireless router settings and a description of what function it performs.

DVD Regional (Country) Codes ~

DVD movies are usually coded with what is called a country or regional code or a zone lock. The three names, however, mean the same thing.

An Introduction To Fonts ~

Postscript vs. TrueType, bitmap vs. vector, screen vs. printer... Font technology changed the way we used computers, but why are they so darn confusing?

Understanding Graphics File Formats ~

Graphics file format are not created equal, each is designed to address a specific issue. Knowing not only which one to use, but when and how to use it is the key to presenting pleasing images efficiently.

Fiber Optical Networks, a Quick Reference ~

By transmitting data digitally over fiber, optical networks offer increased bandwidth as well as provide higher capacity and reduce overall costs.

Removable Storage Reference ~

Regardless of how big hard drive capacities get, there will always be a need for removable storage. I discuss three technologies used to record and store data on the removable media: magnetic, optical and solid state.

A Guide to System Memory ~

Think deciding what computer to buy can be complicated? Just wait until you need to upgrade your system memory. I'll take you inside Random Access Memory (RAM) with a special focus on DRAM, which is — for now, anyway — the most common and affordable variety.

The Digital Camera Picture ~

If you can't keep up with advances in digital cameras, you're not alone. We help you make sense of megapixels, zero in on the zooms (digital, optical and total) and delve into everything from price points to paper to printers.

File Size Conversion Table ~

This table shows the relationship between the file storage sizes that computers use. Binary calculations are based on units of 1,024, and decimal calculations are based on units of 1,000.

Wireless LAN Standards ~

Are you looking for some help in preparing your Wireless Area Network (WAN). The chart that's on this page will provide some quick information to help you differentiate between the available wireless networking standards.

Preventive Maintenance of a PC ~

There are preventive measures that a computer user can take to decrease the likelihood of running into problems with the computer's smooth and efficient operation and also to lessen any damage that does occur. This is my list of the top 15 tips.

Internet Error Messages ~

Ever encounter an error on your way to a website? Of course you have. Don't worry; you'll be glad to know most of them have nothing to do with your PC. It's usually the other guy's fault. Here are some of the more common errors you'll see on the Internet.

Domain Extensions and the Country of Origin ~

Not all domains end in .com, .org, or .edu. Different countries use different suffixes, usually two letters. If you encounter a website with a unique two-letter domain extension, look here for its country equivalent.

Who's Who in Internet and Computer Technology ~

The people listed in this section have made major contributions to the field of computer and Internet technology. As the technology leaps forward at a rapid pace, the list will continue to grow as new innovators make their mark on the industry.

Microprocessor Comparison ~

Clear up any or all processor confusion with this cut-to-the-chase comparison chart.

Maximum Bandwidths ~

How fast is fast? This chart puts into perspective line speeds used in Internet backbones, LANs, and WANs.

Server Types ~

Different servers do different jobs, from serving e-mail and video to protecting internal networks and hosting Websites. Learn about the many types of servers used today.

The Seven of Layers the OSI Model ~

Use this handy guide to compare the different layers of the OSI model and understand how they interact with each other.

Network Topology Diagrams ~

Not all networks are designed the same. Here are diagrams of five of the most common network layouts.

N-Tier Application Architecture ~

N-tier application architecture provides a model for developers to create a flexible and reusable application. By breaking up an application into tiers, developers only have to modify or add a specific layer, rather than have to rewrite the entire application over, if they decide to change technologies or scale up.

TCP Port Numbers ~

In TCP/IP and UDP networks, a port is an endpoint to a logical connection and the way a client program specifies a specific server program on a computer in a network. This list of well-known port numbers specifies the port used by the server process as its contact port.

Dial-Up Modem Standards ~

The CCITT has classified dial-up modems according to modulation standards. Listed here are the standards and their different transmission speeds.

IRQ Numbers ~

Prior to plug and play devices, users had to set IRQ values of devices manually when adding the device, such as a modem or printer, to a system. The following list of IRQ numbers specifies what each of the 16 IRQ lines are used for.

Ethernet Designations ~

IEEE 802.3 specifies a series of standards for telecommunication technology over Ethernet local-area networks. This chart details the different Ethernet designations and how they differ from one another.

How E-mail Works ~

Sure, you use e-mail everyday of the week, but what do you really know about the technology that has profoundly changed how we communicate.

Types of Internet Connections ~

While technology changes at a rapid pace, so do Internet connections. This page explains the various types of Internet connections and the approximate speeds you can expect from each.

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